Friday, June 15, 2012

Regenerated cells may restore vision after corneal dysfunction

ScienceDaily (June 14, 2012) ? Regenerative medicine, or the use of specially grown tissues and cells to treat injuries and diseases, has been successful in treating disorders of a number of organs, including heart, pancreas, and cartilage. However, efforts to treat disorders of the corneal endothelium, a single cell layer on the inner surface of the cornea, with regenerative techniques have been less effective. Now, a group of scientists has developed a method that enhances the adhesion of injected corneal endothelial cells (CECs), allowing for successful corneal transplantation to repair pathological dysfunctions.

Their results are published online June 14 in advance, in the July issue of The American Journal of Pathology.

"Corneal endothelial dysfunction is a major cause of severe visual impairment, since the cells maintain the transparency of the cornea," explains lead investigator Noriko Koizumi, MD, PhD, of the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Japan. "Injected cultured CECs can be washed off by aqueous humor flow, resulting in poor adhesion of the cells injected onto the corneal tissue. Previous studies demonstrated that Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) signaling interferes with adhesion. We found that transplanting cultivated CECs in combination with a low-molecular weight compound that inhibits ROCK (ROCK inhibitor Y-27632), successfully achieved the recovery of corneal transparency."

Using rabbit cells, researchers cultivated CECs in the lab and injected them into the anterior chamber of rabbit eyes with damaged corneal endothelia. Based on the recovery of the corneal endothelial function, they found that when the cultivated cells were injected along with Y-27632, the rabbit corneas regained complete transparency 48 hours after injection. In contrast, rabbit CECs injected without Y-27632 resulted in hazy and severely swollen corneas. No complications related to cell injection therapy were observed and reconstructed corneal endothelium with Y-27632 exhibited normal hexagonal cell shape.

Since rabbit CECs are highly prolific in vivo, the scientists performed another round of experiments with monkey CECs, which are more similar to those in humans. The transplantation of CECs in these primates also achieved the recovery of long-term corneal transparency with a monolayer of hexagonal cells, suggesting that cell adhesion modified by ROCK inhibitor may be an effective treatment for human corneal endothelial disorders.

Although surgical techniques to replace the injured corneal endothelium have been developed, these procedures are technically difficult and challenging due to a shortage of donor corneas. "The novel strategy of using a cell-based therapy combined with a ROCK inhibitor may ultimately provide clinicians with a new therapeutic modality in regenerative medicine, not only for treatment of corneal endothelial dysfunctions, but also for a variety of pathological diseases," Dr. Koizumi concludes.

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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Elsevier Health Sciences, via AlphaGalileo.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. N. Okumura, N. Koizumi, M. Ueno, Y. Sakamoto, H. Takahashi, H. Tsuchiya, J. Hamuro, and S. Kinoshita. A ROCK Inhibitor Converts Corneal Endothelial Cells into a Phenotype Capable of Regenerating In Vivo Endothelial Tissue. The American Journal of Pathology, 2012 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2012.03.033

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

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Encore Direct Marketing Adds Rick Eggleton as Senior Account ...

PRLog (Press Release) - Jun 13, 2012 -
Irvine, CA (June 13, 2012) ? Encore Direct Marketing, LLC, a worldwide leader in the full service direct marketing industry today announced that they have added Rick Eggleton as Senior Account Executive. ?Mr. Eggleton brings well over 20 years of business development experience as well as having owned, ran and sold several small to medium size businesses.

?We are very excited to add Rick?s experience and overall expertise to the team?, states John Doan, CEO of Encore. ??With the demand for our services continuing to increase, we really feel fortunate to have someone of Rick?s caliber on board to work with us in managing our growing portfolio of clients?.

Encore Direct Marketing currently provides mail related full service marketing solutions for between 30-50 clients on a weekly basis. ?These services produce a mail volume averaging 3,000,000 pieces or more a month while leveraging a vast database of analytics that are continuing to assist the portfolio clients in growing their companies while lowering cost per acquisition.

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Encore Direct Marketing, LLC is a nationwide company based out of Irvine, California that provides full service direct marketing solutions to companies across many different industries including real estate, finance, legal services, insurance, auto and mortgage. ?Encore not only provides direct mail services, but also consults clients by providing on-demand analytic information related to response, demographics, messaging, branding and sales training. ?Encore is a solutions-based marketing firm focused on providing clients with the greatest value by designing integrated marketing offerings that are centered around lowering customers cost per acquisition and increasing return on investment.

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Sunday, June 3, 2012

VP Biden's daughter is married in Delaware (cbsnews)

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Queen spends day at races as jubilee events begin

Britain's Queen Elizabeth II arrives for the Epsom Derby at Epsom race course, southern England at the start of a four-day Diamond Jubilee celebration to mark the 60th anniversary of the Queen's accession to the throne Saturday, June 2, 2012. The queen will celebrate Saturday at the Epsom Derby, a highlight of the horseracing calendar, and on Sunday she will lead a 1,000-boat flotilla on the River Thames. Monday's festivities include a pop concert in front of Buckingham Palace with Paul McCartney and Elton John, and festivities climax Tuesday with a religious service, a procession through the streets of London and the royal family's appearance on the palace balcony. (AP Photo/Sang Tan)

Britain's Queen Elizabeth II arrives for the Epsom Derby at Epsom race course, southern England at the start of a four-day Diamond Jubilee celebration to mark the 60th anniversary of the Queen's accession to the throne Saturday, June 2, 2012. The queen will celebrate Saturday at the Epsom Derby, a highlight of the horseracing calendar, and on Sunday she will lead a 1,000-boat flotilla on the River Thames. Monday's festivities include a pop concert in front of Buckingham Palace with Paul McCartney and Elton John, and festivities climax Tuesday with a religious service, a procession through the streets of London and the royal family's appearance on the palace balcony. (AP Photo/Sang Tan)

Britain's Queen Elizabeth II arrives for the Epsom Derby at Epsom race course, southern England at the start of a four-day Diamond Jubilee celebration to mark the 60th anniversary of the Queen's accession to the throne Saturday, June 2, 2012. (AP Photo/Sang Tan)

Britain's Queen Elizabeth II arrives for the Epsom Derby at Epsom race course, southern England at the start of a four-day Diamond Jubilee celebration to mark the 60th anniversary of the Queen's accession to the throne, Saturday, June 2, 2012. (AP Photo/Sang Tan)

Britain's Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip arrive for the Epsom Derby at Epsom race course, southern England at the start of four-day Diamond Jubilee celebrations to mark the 60th anniversary of the Queen's accession to the throne Saturday, June 2, 2012. (AP Photo/Sang Tan)

A spectator wearing a flamboyant hat relaxes with strawberries and cream on Derby Day at Epsom Downs Race course, Epsom, England, Saturday, June 2, 2012. Britain's Queen Elizabeth II is attending the Epsom Derby on Saturday, as the country is marking Queen Elizabeth II's 60 years on the throne with a four-day holiday weekend of ceremony, symbolism and street parties. (AP Photo/Tom Hevezi)

(AP) ? It was a royal day at the races, as Queen Elizabeth II watched a horse with the courtly name of Camelot win the Epsom Derby on Saturday ? the kickoff to a four-day celebration of the British monarch's 60 years on the throne.

Later in the weekend the queen will make a trip down the River Thames, and then take in a concert ? all accompanied by tens of thousands of her subjects, coming out to fete a monarch whose longevity has given her the status of the nation's favorite grandmother.

An armada of vessels ? from historic sailboats and barges to kayaks, lifeboats and military launches ? was mustering along the Thames ahead of Sunday's river pageant. The queen aboard the royal barge will lead the flotilla of 1,000 boats ? described by organizers as the biggest gathering on the river for 350 years.

Diamond Jubilee festivities officially began Saturday with a 41-gun salute fired by the King's Troop, Royal Horse Artillery at Horse Guards Parade in central London.

The 86-year-old monarch and her husband, Prince Philip, visited Epsom racecourse south of the capital for the Derby, one of the year's biggest horse-racing meetings. The queen waved to the 130,000-strong crowd as she was driven down the racecourse in a Bentley bearing the Royal Standard ? the car's sun roof kept shut under gray skies ? before settling down to watch the races from the royal box.

Dressed in a royal blue coat and matching hat over a blue-and-white floral dress, the queen was accompanied by members of the royal family including her sons Prince Andrew and Prince Edward and Andrew's daughters Princess Beatrice and Princess Eugenie.

The royals were treated to an aerial display by members of the British Army's Red Devils parachute team before the main event ? the racing.

The monarch is a racing fan and horse breeder who has attended the Derby for decades and reads the Racing Post each day over breakfast, although unlike many of her subjects she does not gamble.

The queen presented prizes to some of the race winners and spoke intently to jockeys and trainers

"She's incredibly knowledgeable. Her knowledge of thoroughbreds and breeding goes way back," said Anthony Cane, chairman of Epsom Downs Racecourse.

The queen took the throne in 1952 on the death of her father, King George VI, and most Britons have known no other monarch.

Despite cool, damp weather in much of the country, hundreds of thousands of people are expected to participate in celebrations, including street parties, Sunday's flotilla and a Monday pop concert in front of Buckingham Palace featuring Elton John and Paul McCartney.

Jubilee events end Tuesday with a religious service at St. Paul's Cathedral, a carriage procession through the streets of London and the queen's appearance with her children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren on the palace balcony.

Prime Minister David Cameron ? the 12th British leader of the queen's reign ? paid tribute to the monarch's "extraordinary level of physical energy, mental energy, and above all devotion to her people, to the institutions of this country, to the way our democracy works."

Not everyone in Britain will be celebrating. The anti-monarchist group Republic plans a riverbank protest as the flotilla goes by on Sunday, followed by a pub night where royal refuseniks can drown their sorrows.

With pictures of the monarch splashed across newspaper front pages, the left-leaning Guardian provided a button on its website that removed all jubilee stories.

But many Britons embraced the jubilee spirit ? a tribute to a monarch whose popularity cuts across all ages, social classes and political affiliations.

In a jubilee gift from Britain's politicians, lawmakers from the three main parties have backed a motion calling for the tower housing Big Ben ? the beloved London bell that chimes the quarter hour ? to be renamed in the queen's honor.

More than half of legislators have signed a letter asking parliamentary authorities to consider renaming the east tower of the Houses of Parliament the Elizabeth Tower. It's currently called the Clock Tower.

While many Britons used the long weekend to relax ? and an estimated 2 million left the country on vacation ? writers and religious leaders used the occasion to reflect on how Britain has changed over the queen's reign, from a war-scarred imperial power to a middle-sized power with oversized cultural clout.

Archbishop of Canterbury Rowan Williams, spiritual head of the Anglican Church, expressed a widely held view when he said Britain had been lucky to have Elizabeth as monarch throughout a period of rapid change.

"It seems to me that what her importance has been for most people in this country has been as a sign of stability, a sign of some kind of security," Williams said in a jubilee video message.

"And that wouldn't have happened had she not been so profoundly committed at every point, so intelligently committed to understanding the society she was in, working with the flow of the changes that have taken place. To have someone who has been a symbol, a sign of stability through all that period is really a rather exceptional gift."

Some have speculated that as she ages the queen might abdicate in favor of her 63-year-old son, Prince Charles ? or even her wildly popular grandson, Prince William.

Those who know her say that is unlikely.

"I think it's an absolutely absurd notion," former Prime Minister John Major told Sky News. "I have not a shadow of a doubt that given her health she will remain monarch for the rest of her life."

___

Online: http://www.thediamondjubilee.org

Associated Press

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